Background: Patient safety is one of the most important aspects of health care. Medical errors and specifically medication errors, however, make health care environment dangerous. COMPUTERIZED PHYSICIAN ORDER ENTRY (CPOE) has potentials to reduce these errors. So this study aimed to analyze the patients' safety condition and to determine the CPOE capabilities to decrease medication errors and create a safe health care environment for Iranian patients. Literature review: Untimely access to information at time of decision making and weak communication among health care providers are the main causes of medical errors. In addition, unavailability and lack of attention to information related to patients and drugs are the most common reasons for medication errors. So data reporting systems can support patients' safety. Manual systems, however, are not adequate to this end. In addition, CPOE has a special role at time of drug prescription to decrease medication errors.Conclusion: Using CPOE is a suitable approach to have access to timely information and to improve the relationships among specialists, and therefore; to reduce errors. The results of our study show the necessary capabilities to design CPOE for Iranian hospitals. Patients' drug profiles and informing PHYSICIANs about using drugs and patients' inactive drugs, obligatory documentation, warning ability and reminding important and effective points on treatment, creating facilities to support decisions, relationship between CPOE to other information systems, presenting educational information about prescribed and replaced drugs, using internet and treatment protocols, are some such capabilities that all affect PHYSICIANs' prescription behaviors and finally lead to improvement in drug prescription process and reduction of medication errors.

Background and Aim: COMPUTERIZED PHYSICIAN ORDER ENTRY system is the process of entering ORDERs electronically. It is a replacement for manual system and is considered as a part of a clinical information system. The appropriate design of this system leads to the enhancement of its capabilities, ensures ORDERs accurately and comprehensively, and transfers information to different parts rapidly. Therefore, transfer time and the error related to the wrong path or misinterpretations will be omitted; in the end, efficiency will increase. This study aims to present different perspectives on design principles of COMPUTERIZED PHYSICIAN ORDER ENTRY system for stakeholders.Materials and Methods: In this review article, Google, Google Scholar, Pub Med, Web of Science and Scopus databases were searched with some keywords related to design principles of COMPUTERIZED PHYSICIAN ORDER ENTRY system. Results: Based on the performed studies, factors such as inappropriate design of links, display page, set of ORDERs content, drug database, structure of ORDER environment, rules, formats, mechanism of getting reports of errors, and finally clinical decision support system have led to the decrease of doctors’ performance, increase of new errors, and reduction of patients’ safety. Conclusion: Inappropriate design leads to the increase of new errors after the implementation of system; therefore, proper and principled design of this system can lead to the improvement of practitioners’ function, decrease of prescription errors and drug side effects, reduction of costs, efficiency increase, workflow improvement, and ultimately treatment quality improvement.

Objective(s): COMPUTERIZED PHYSICIAN ORDER ENTRY system has been introduced as an effective tool to reduce errors and to increase patient safety. This study was conducted to investigate the acceptance rate of the system if implemented.Methods: This was a descriptive study. The study was conducted in three teaching hospitals in Kerman, Iran in 2013. All PHYSICIANs were invited to participated in the study. Data was collected using a questionnaire consisting of three parts: the description of CPOE, respondents’ demographics and questions about the study objectives. Data was described by median and quartiles and was analyzed using nonparametric methods.Results: In all 633 PHYSICIANs were studied. Fifty-seven percent of PHYSICIANs agreed with CPOE ease of use, 45% with CPOE usefulness and 32% with its positive effect on clinicians’ workflow. There were significant relationships between system ease of use and usefulness with PHYSICIAN’s age and gender.Conclusion: The results showed that PHYSICIANs would accept CPOE system to a good extent, if it were implemented. Younger doctors have a greater readiness to accept the system.

Background: An important application in health care system is COMPUTERIZED PHYSICIAN ORDER ENTRY system (CPOE) which improves the quality of patient’ s care. Given that the users’ satisfaction is necessary in predicting the success of a system, this study aimed to evaluate the satisfaction of CPOE users in Namazi Hospital. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted as a descriptive-analytical research three months after CPOE implementation in Namazi Hospital. The study population consisted of all PHYSICIANs and nurses in General Intensive care Unit (ICU), which included 14 PHYSICIANs and 26 nurses who had been working with CPOE system. A standard questionnaire was applied for data gathering; its validity and reliability was confirmed in the study (α =0. 84). The data were processed by SPSS 21 software and appropriate statistical tests including T test, One-way Anova and Chi-square tests were used. Results: Overall, the satisfaction of PHYSICIANs and nurses about the CPOE systems was moderate (4. 83± 1. 99). Although the PHYSICIAN’ s satisfaction score was 5. 30± 1. 54, which was greater than that of nurses (4. 56± 2. 19), this differences was not significant (P>0. 05). Results also showed a significant relationship between the user satisfaction score and age and gender of the participants (P=0. 001, P=0. 006) respectively. A significant relationship was found between the CPOE user friendliness and age (P=0. 05). Conclusion: Overall, there is a relative satisfaction among the PHYSICIANs and nurses about CPOE in Namazi hospital. Hospital managers could accelerate the use of CPOE in hospitals. It is suggested that the challenges of the system should be examined in future studies.

Background and Objectives: COMPUTERIZED PHYSICIAN ORDER ENTRY (CPOE) is one of the modern technologies to increase the quality of hospital services.The present study was designed to develop and localize CPOE in Shiraz University of Medical Sciences.Materials and Methods: This exploratory study was conducted for software designing and was practically performed between 2013 to 2015 in Namazi Teaching Hospital in Shiraz. The study population consisted of PHYSICIANs, nurses, and information technology professionals in Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. The study included four phases; in the first three phases documentations review, Delphi, and focused group discussions methods for data collection and CPOE software was designed in the fourth stage.Results: The CPOE software was designed in 13 months and had seven main including data ENTRY, drug interactions management system, warning system, treatment services, ability of writing in the software, software reporting and technical capabilities. The most important features of this software were the possibility of PHYSICIAN-nurse relationship, software connection with the Hospital Information System (HIS) and use of Clinical Decision Support Systems (CDSS). The software was implemented in the general Intensive Care Unit )ICU) ward and used for PHYSICIANs’ ORDER registration for three months.Conclusion: The CPOE was designed and implemented in Namazi Hospital. The comments of operators have to be considered for successful application of any software in hospital. The integration between CPOE and CDSS is recommended for improving the system performance.

Introduction: Paper-based prescription ORDERs, commonly having numerous medication errors, can increase adverse drug events (ADEs) and threaten patient’s safety. COMPUTERIZED PHYSICIAN ORDER ENTRY (CPOE), as an appropriate alternative, can significantly reduce medication errors. This study aimed to investigate the effects of well-designed CPOE in reducing medication errors and ADEs.Method: Electronic databases including EBSCO Host, Web of Science, PubMed, SID, Google Scholar, Iranmedex, Irandoc were used to conduct the literature review. We reviewed all the papers published about CPOE and its impacts on medication errors from 1998 until 2015. Thus 56 articles were found. Considering the relevance of their title and abstract with the objectives of study, and deleting repetitive cases, 32 articles were selected among which 10 articles were directly related to the objectives of the study.Results: A number of studies indicate that CPOE can reduce the incidence of serious medication errors and ADEs. Nonetheless, there is evidence indicating that CPOE could negatively affect patient's health if the system is not well-designed.Conclusion: The replacement of conventional, paper-based prescription ORDERs with well-designed CPOEs in hospitals could play a key role in minimizing medication errors and improving patient safety. To this end, the CPOEs have to be designed according to recent standards and needs.